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法兰索瓦·安托万·路易·布尔西耶
布尔西耶的画像与头衔，包含：帝国伯爵、师级将军、帝国国务参事、荣誉军团大军官
出生	(1760-02-23)1760年2月23日 法国阿尔萨斯拉珀蒂特皮埃尔
逝世	1828年5月8日(1828岁—05—08)（68岁） 法国默尔特-摩泽尔省维尔欧瓦勒
效命	法兰西第一共和国 法兰西第一帝国 法兰西王国
军种	骑兵
服役年份	1789年－1814年
军衔	师级将军
参与战争	第一次反法同盟 1792年－1797年 第二次反法同盟 1799年－1801年 多瑙军团 奥斯特拉赫战役 史塔卡赫战役 瑞士军团 第一次苏黎世战役 那不勒斯军团 第三次反法同盟 乌尔姆战役 埃尔兴根战役 奥斯特利茨战役 第四次反法同盟 耶拿-奥尔施泰特战役 半岛战争 第五次反法同盟 瓦格拉姆战役 驻扎于德意志地区的大军团 俄法战争 第六次反法同盟
获得勋章	法国荣誉军团大军官、骑士勋章，圣路易十字勋章
其他工作	法国众议院议员

法兰索瓦·安托万·路易·布尔西耶（法语：François Antoine Louis Bourcier；1760年2月23日—1828年5月8日）是法国大革命战争与拿破仑战争期间的法国骑兵少将。

布尔西耶在第一次反法同盟战争期间在莱茵军团中担任骑兵中尉。他在第二次反法同盟战争期间被升为准将，担任多瑙军团的骑兵督察将军。他在拿破仑战争期间参与了多场位于多瑙河流域的战役，包括埃尔兴根战役、奥斯特利茨战役与瓦格拉姆战役，也在第四次反法同盟战争中的耶拿-奥尔施泰特、海尔斯堡与弗里德兰战役中发挥出色。第四次反法同盟战争结束后，他短暂地被调任至半岛战场作战。布尔西耶在被调回东欧后参与了1812年的侵俄战争。他的爵位与荣誉在拿破仑一世于1815年倒台后，并没有被波旁政府废除。

生涯

Bourcier was born in La Petite-Pierre near Phalsbourg, Alsace, a small town, in the Bas-Rhin district, 24千米（15英里） north of Saverne and 56千米（35英里） northwest of Strasbourg. The son of a former sergeant of the guard of King Stanislas Leszczynski, he proved himself a bright student in school, and was placed in a cavalry regiment. At the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, he was lieutenant in the 1st Regiment of Cavalry. From this time, his prospects rose quickly. Appointed aide-de-campe to the Duke of Aiguillon (9 June 1792), he later he transferred to the staff of General Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine. A general of brigade in 1793, he became Chief of Staff of the Army of the Rhine, and was raised the following year to the rank of major general.

Bourcier commanded a division of cavalry under General Jean Victor Marie Moreau, who had taken an interest in his career, and he was appointed Inspector of Cavalry on 3 August 1797. When Jean Baptiste Jourdan formed the Army of the Danube, he appointed Bourcier as inspector of cavalry for both his force and the Army of Switzerland, under command of André Masséna. With command of a brigade, and as inspector of cavalry, Bourcier participated in the campaigns of the War of the Second Coalition in southwestern Germany, Switzerland, and northern Italy. In Italy, he also commanded a column of cavalry that routed a group of rebels near AndreaTemplate:Clarification.

In the 1805 War of the Third Coalition, as commander of a division of dragoons, he participated in the Battle of Elchingen and later the Battle of Ulm. Six weeks later, at the Battle of Austerlitz, he made several brilliant and timely charges, including one observed by several parishioners of the town of Mönitz, who had climbed the church tower to watch the action. The French infantry had been surrounded by Austrian cavalry, which pursued them down the road. Bourcier approached from the other direction with three regiments of dragoons, having left the rest of his division behind to preserve his communication lines in Raigern. Seeing the infantry beleaguered by cavalry, he led his men in a charge, giving the infantry time to escape. His own dragoons were fired upon with cannon and grapeshot, killing or wounding several men and horses, but, as he wrote later, "[the Russian cannon fire] would have done more harm had they been directed better, being within half range."

After the French victory at the Battle of Jena-Auerstadt, Bourcier was placed in charge of the several thousands of horses confiscated from the Prussians. This influx of horses improved the capacity of the French cavalry, as Joachim Murat's 11,000-strong cavalry reserve demonstrated later at the Battle of Eylau in February 1807.

After the defeat of Prussia in 1807, Bourcier was sent to Spain to support the French efforts there, but he returned to the northern European theater in time for the Battle of Wagram in July 1809. He was also part of Napoleon's Russian campaign, but escaped the rigors of the retreat from Moscow, having been previously sent back to Berlin to reorganize the French cavalry.

The First Restoration awarded him the Cross of St. Louis. He retired in 1816, but the following year he was recalled to the State Council and served as commissioner for the management of military supply depots.

家庭与退伍生活

In 1809, he acquired the Chateau de Ville-au-Val at Meurthe-et-Moselle. In 1816, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies by the Department of the Meurthe. He married Marie Isabelle Van Oldencel (died in Nancy, 13 June 1855). They had a daughter, Adelaide Ernestine Josephine, born 11 October 1805, who married to Louis Henry Gau, the son of Charles Louis Joseph Gau of Frégeville.

Bourcier died in 1828 in Ville-au-Val in Meurthe-et-Moselle and was buried, as were his descendants after him, in the family vault near the chateau chapel. His name is engraved on the Arc d'Triumph.

参考文献

• （法语） Jacques Baquol and Paul Ristelhuber. L'Alsace ancienne et moderne ou Dictionnaire topographique, historique et statistique du Haut et du Bas Rhin. Strasbourg, Umschl. Paris: [s.n.], 1865
• （法语） de Courcelles, Jean Baptiste Pierre Jullien, et al. Dictionnaire historique et biographique des généraux français. 1822, vol. iii,
• Goetz, Robert. 1805: Austerlitz. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2005, ISBN 1-85367-644-6.
• Jourdan, Jean-Baptiste. A Memoir of the operations of the army of the Danube under the command of General Jourdan, taken from the manuscripts of that officer, London: Debrett, 1799.
• Template:Cite Mullié
• Smith, Digby. Napoleonic Wars Databook: Actions and Losses in Personnel, Colours, Standards and Artillery, 1792–1815. Greenhill: PA, Stackpole, 1998, ISBN 1-85367-276-9.

[[Category:1760年出生]] [[Category:1760年出生]] [[Category:下萊茵省人]] [[Category:法國大革命戰爭法國軍事人物]] [[Category:法蘭西第一帝國將軍]] [[Category:法國榮譽軍團大軍官勳章持有人]] [[Category:巴黎凱旋門所刻人名]] [[Category:騎兵指揮官]]