9-甲基-β-咔啉

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9-甲基-β-咔啉
Chemical structure of 9-Me-BC
9-甲基-β-咔啉是β-咔啉家族的雜環胺,是一種研究性化學品
IUPAC名
5-Methyl-5H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
5-甲基-5H-吡啶並[3,4-b]吲哚
別名 9-Me-BC
9-甲基-9H-β-咔啉
9-甲基去甲哈爾滿
9-MBC
N-甲基-β-咔啉
識別
CAS號 2521-07-5
PubChem 164979
ChemSpider 144638
SMILES
 
  • CN1C2=CC=CC=C2C3=C1C=NC=C3
MeSH C529608
性質
化學式 C12H10N2
摩爾質量 182.22 g·mol−1
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

9-甲基-β-咔啉英語:9-Methyl-β-carboline,簡稱9-Me-BC)是β-咔啉家族的雜環胺,是一種研究性化學物質[1]

化學[編輯]

9-Me-BC是β-咔啉甲基化衍生物,分子式為C12H10N2

它可以通過對游離鹼β-咔啉(去甲哈爾滿)進行埃施魏勒-克拉克反應來製備[來源請求]

生物效應[編輯]

多巴胺能神經元細胞培養物體外研究表明,在長期給予魚藤酮後,酪氨酸羥化酶和相關轉錄因子的表達增加,神經突生長增加,神經元再生,炎症細胞因子的表達減少。[2]在原代中腦多巴胺能神經元細胞培養物的研究中,該物質增加了分化的多巴胺能神經元的數量,並產生了更高水平的與多巴胺能分化相關的轉錄因子。[3]9-甲基-β-咔啉還在體外抑制神經毒素前體MPTP向多巴胺能神經毒素MPP+的氧化過程。[4]

齧齒動物體內研究表明,海馬體多巴胺水平升高,徑向臂迷宮英語Radial arm maze測試中的空間學習表現得到改善,並且海馬齒狀回樹突生長增加,[5]帕金森病動物模型中,左側表達酪氨酸羥化酶的神經元數量恢復,而注射MPP+紋狀體中此類細胞的數量減少了50%。[6]

9-甲基-β-咔啉是一種已知的單胺氧化酶A單胺氧化酶B抑制劑,並已被提議在帕金森病的治療中進行進一步研究。[7]

它可能具有光敏作用[8]

參見[編輯]

參考資料[編輯]

  1. ^ Polanski, W; Enzensperger, C; Reichmann, H; Gille, G. The exceptional properties of 9-methyl-β-carboline: Stimulation, protection and regeneration of dopaminergic neurons coupled with anti-inflammatory effects.. J Neurochem. 2010, 113 (6): 1659–1675. PMID 20374418. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06725.x可免費查閱. 
  2. ^ Polanski, W; Enzensperger, C; Reichmann, H; Gille, G. The exceptional properties of 9-methyl-β-carboline: Stimulation, protection and regeneration of dopaminergic neurons coupled with anti-inflammatory effects.. J Neurochem. 2010, 113 (6): 1659–1675. PMID 20374418. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06725.x可免費查閱. 
  3. ^ Hamann, J; Wernicke, C; Lehmann, J; Reichmann, H; Rommelspacher, H; Gille, G. 9-Methyl-β-carboline up-regulates the appearance of differentiated dopaminergic neurones in primary mesencephalic culture.. Neurochem. Int. 2008, 52 (4–5): 688–700. PMID 17913302. S2CID 24226033. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2007.08.018. 
  4. ^ Herraiz, T; Guillén, H. Inhibition of the bioactivation of the neurotoxin MPTP by antioxidants, redox agents and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2011, 49 (8): 1773–1781. PMID 21554916. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.04.026. hdl:10261/63126. 
  5. ^ Gruss, M; Appenroth, D; Flubacher, A; Enzersperger, C; Bock, J; Fleck, C; Gille, G; Braun, K. 9-Methyl-β-carboline-induced cognitive enhancement is associated with elevated hippocampal dopamine levels and dendritic and synaptic proliferation.. J Neurochem. 2012, 121 (6): 924–931. PMID 22380576. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07713.x可免費查閱. 
  6. ^ Wernicke, C; Hellmann, J; Zieba, B; Kuter, K; Ossowska, K; Frenzel, M; Bencher, NA; Rommelspacher, H. 9-Methyl-beta-carboline has restorative effects in an animal model of Parkinson's disease.. Pharmacol Rep. 2010, 62 (1): 35–53. PMID 20360614. doi:10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70241-3. 
  7. ^ Polanski, W; Reichmann, H; Gille, G. Stimulation, protection and regeneration of dopaminergic neurons by 9-methyl-β-carboline: a new anti-Parkinson drug?. Expert Rev Neurother. 2011, 11 (6): 845–860. PMID 21651332. S2CID 24899640. doi:10.1586/ern.11.1. 
  8. ^ Vignoni M, Rasse-Suriani FA, Butzbach K, Erra-Balsells R, Epe B, Cabrerizo FM. Mechanisms of DNA damage by photoexcited 9-methyl-β-carbolines. Org Biomol Chem. 2013, 11 (32): 5300–9. PMID 23842892. doi:10.1039/c3ob40344k.