聚炔烴

在化學中，聚炔烴（英語：polyyne）是任何單鍵和三鍵交替的有機化合物，即一連串的炔烴（(−C≡C−)
n，其中n > 1）。這類化合物也稱作聚乙炔類（polyacetylenes），尤其是在天然產品和化學生態學的著作中，^[1]^[2]然而這個名稱嚴格來說是指單鍵和雙鍵交替的乙炔聚合物(−CR=CR′−)。它們也稱為寡烯烴（oligoynes）或^[3]卡拜類炔烴（carbinoids），後者名稱來自此系列中的最後一員，也是碳的假想同素異形體之一卡拜(−C≡C−)
∞。^[4]^[5]自1960年代以來，許多科學家已聲稱合成了這個物質，但這些報告都受到質疑。^[6]事實上，在許多早期有機合成的嘗試中，被辨認為「卡拜」短鏈的物質，^[7]現在會用「聚炔烴」稱之。

分子量最小的聚炔烴是丁二炔，又稱聯乙炔，H−C≡C−C≡C−H。聚炔烴和累積多烯烴以其堅固性和強導電性著稱，有潛力用於分子奈米技術中。在氫元素稀少的星際分子雲中已經偵測到聚炔烴。

參見[編輯]

參考文獻[編輯]

^ Minto RE; Blacklock BJ. Biosynthesis and function of polyacetylenes and allied natural products. Prog Lipid Res. July 2008, 47 (4): 233–306. PMC 2515280 . PMID 18387369. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2008.02.002.
^ Annabelle, L.K.; Shi Shun; Tykwinski, Rik R. Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Polyynes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2006, 45 (7): 1034–57. PMID 16447152. doi:10.1002/anie.200502071.
^ Gibtner, Thomas; Hampel, Frank; Gisselbrecht, Jean-Paul; Hirsch, Andreas. End-cap stabilized oligoynes: Model compounds for the linear sp carbon allotrope carbyne. Chemistry: A European Journal. 2002, 8 (2): 408–432. PMID 11843154. doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20020118)8:2<408::AID-CHEM408>3.0.CO;2-L.
^ Heimann, R.B.; Evsyukov, S.E.; Kavan, L. (編). Carbyne and carbynoid structures. Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures 21. 1999: 452. ISBN 978-0-7923-5323-2.
^ Chalifoux, Wesley A.; Tykwinski, Rik R. Synthesis of extended polyynes: Toward carbyne. Comptes Rendus Chimie. 2009, 12 (3–4): 341–358. doi:10.1016/j.crci.2008.10.004. In Avancés récentes en chimie des acétylènes – Recent advances in acetylene chemistry
^ Kroto, H. Carbyne and other myths about carbon. RSC Chemistry World. November 2010 [2022-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-03）.
^ Akagi, K.; Nishiguchi, M.; Shirakawa, H.; Furukawa, Y.; et al. One-dimensional conjugated carbyne — synthesis and properties. Synthetic Metals. 1987, 17 (1–3): 557–562. doi:10.1016/0379-6779(87)90798-3.

[Blacklock2008-1] Minto RE; Blacklock BJ. Biosynthesis and function of polyacetylenes and allied natural products. Prog Lipid Res. July 2008, 47 (4): 233–306. PMC 2515280 . PMID 18387369. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2008.02.002.

[Shun-2] Annabelle, L.K.; Shi Shun; Tykwinski, Rik R. Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Polyynes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2006, 45 (7): 1034–57. PMID 16447152. doi:10.1002/anie.200502071.

[gibt-3] Gibtner, Thomas; Hampel, Frank; Gisselbrecht, Jean-Paul; Hirsch, Andreas. End-cap stabilized oligoynes: Model compounds for the linear sp carbon allotrope carbyne. Chemistry: A European Journal. 2002, 8 (2): 408–432. PMID 11843154. doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20020118)8:2<408::AID-CHEM408>3.0.CO;2-L.

[Heimann-4] Heimann, R.B.; Evsyukov, S.E.; Kavan, L. (編). Carbyne and carbynoid structures. Physics and Chemistry of Materials with Low-Dimensional Structures 21. 1999: 452. ISBN 978-0-7923-5323-2.

[chalif1-5] Chalifoux, Wesley A.; Tykwinski, Rik R. Synthesis of extended polyynes: Toward carbyne. Comptes Rendus Chimie. 2009, 12 (3–4): 341–358. doi:10.1016/j.crci.2008.10.004. In Avancés récentes en chimie des acétylènes – Recent advances in acetylene chemistry

[kroto-6] Kroto, H. Carbyne and other myths about carbon. RSC Chemistry World. November 2010 [2022-02-18]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-03）.

[akagi-7] Akagi, K.; Nishiguchi, M.; Shirakawa, H.; Furukawa, Y.; et al. One-dimensional conjugated carbyne — synthesis and properties. Synthetic Metals. 1987, 17 (1–3): 557–562. doi:10.1016/0379-6779(87)90798-3.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]