N -乙酰血清素 (英语:N -Acetylserotonin ,NAS ,也作normelatonin )是一种天然存在 的化合物 ,是从血清素 到褪黑素 的内源 性合成的反应中间体 [ 1] [ 2] 。它由血清素 (又称为5-羟色胺)在N-乙酰基转移酶 (AANAT)催化下与乙酰辅酶A 反应产生,然后N -乙酰血清素再在乙酰血清素O-甲基转移酶 (ASMT)催化下被S -腺苷甲硫氨酸 甲基化为褪黑素。和褪黑素一样,N -乙酰血清素也是褪黑素受体 (MT1 、MT2 和MT3 )的激动剂 ,并且可以被认为是一种神经递质 。[ 3] [ 4] [ 5] [ 6]
最近,NAS已经显示出作为一种有效力 的TrkB受体 激动剂,而血清素和褪黑激素并没有此种机制。[ 3] 以"TrkB受体"为介导(TrkB-mediated)而产生出强劲的抗抑郁 ,神经保护 (neuroprotection)和神经营养因子 等效果。[ 3]
此外,光线照射抑制NAS的合成、和减少单胺氧化抑制剂的抗抑郁作用。[ 3] 这些数据强烈支持NAS在调节情绪和引起抗抑郁药的治疗效益之作用。
通过目前未知的机制,NAS可能是姿位性低血压 的引发因子、且以"单胺氧化抑制剂"(MAOIs )作临床治疗。[ 7] [ 8] It reduces blood pressure in rodents, and pinealectomy (the pineal gland being a major site of NAS and melatonin synthesis) abolishes the hypotensive effects of clorgyline .[ 7] [ 8] 为什么"姿位性低血压"常见与"单胺氧化抑制剂"(MAOIs)一起发生,而不与SSRIs(这两者均增加NAS级别)一起,而这方面并不清楚。
^ AXELROD J, WEISSBACH H. Enzymatic O-methylation of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin . Science. April 1960, 131 (3409): 1312 [2014-01-15 ] . PMID 13795316 . doi:10.1126/science.131.3409.1312 . (原始内容存档 于2019-10-18).
^ WEISSBACH H, REDFIELD BG, AXELROD J. Biosynthesis of melatonin: enzymic conversion of serotonin to N-acetylserotonin. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. September 1960, 43 : 352–3. PMID 13784117 . doi:10.1016/0006-3002(60)90453-4 .
^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Jang SW, Liu X, Pradoldej S; et al. N-acetylserotonin activates TrkB receptor in a circadian rhythm . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. February 2010, 107 (8): 3876 [2014-01-15 ] . PMC 2840510 . PMID 20133677 . doi:10.1073/pnas.0912531107 . (原始内容存档 于2019-10-18).
^ Zhao H, Poon AM, Pang SF. Pharmacological characterization, molecular subtyping, and autoradiographic localization of putative melatonin receptors in uterine endometrium of estrous rats . Life Sciences. March 2000, 66 (17): 1581–91 [2014-01-15 ] . PMID 11261588 . doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00478-1 . (原始内容存档 于2019-01-25).
^ Nonno R, Pannacci M, Lucini V, Angeloni D, Fraschini F, Stankov BM. Ligand efficacy and potency at recombinant human MT2 melatonin receptors: evidence for agonist activity of some mt1-antagonists . British Journal of Pharmacology . July 1999, 127 (5): 1288–94. PMC 1566130 . PMID 10455277 . doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702658 .
^ Paul P, Lahaye C, Delagrange P, Nicolas JP, Canet E, Boutin JA. Characterization of 2-[125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in Syrian hamster peripheral organs . The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. July 1999, 290 (1): 334–40 [2014-01-15 ] . PMID 10381796 . (原始内容存档 于2019-12-15).
^ 7.0 7.1 Oxenkrug GF. [N-acetylserotonin and hypotensive effect of MAO-A inhibitors]. Voprosy Meditsinskoi Khimii. 1997, 43 (6): 522–6. PMID 9503569 (俄语) .
^ 8.0 8.1 引用错误:没有为名为pmid10591054
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