巴克斯 (达文西)

Bacchus
艺术家	达芬奇
年份	1510–1515
类型	胡桃木板上的油画，后来被转移到帆布上
尺寸	177 cm × 115 cm（70英寸 × 45英寸）
收藏地	巴黎罗浮宫

《巴克斯》（Bacchus）是一幅现藏于卢浮宫的画作，底稿由达芬奇完成，全画据推测是后来的一些达芬奇的追随者完成的。西德尼·约瑟夫·弗莱德伯格认为这是达芬奇第二次米兰时期完成的作品。^[1] 其他参与绘制的画家可能包括切萨雷·达·萨斯托（Cesare da Sesto）、^[2] Marco d'Oggiono、弗朗西斯科·梅尔齐（Francesco Melzi）^[3] 和切萨雷·贝尔纳迪诺（Cesare Bernazzano）。

最初此画的主人公原来描绘的是施洗者约翰，但在1683至1693年间被涂掉重绘成了酒神巴克斯。^[4]

根据卡西亚诺·德尔·波佐的记载，此画在1625年藏于枫丹白露宫。^[5]当时画作上的施洗者约翰与常见的艺术作品的施洗者约翰形象都不相同，似乎是达芬奇自己创造出来的，与现藏于卢浮宫的《施洗者圣约翰》有些相似。^[6]

参考文献[编辑]

^ S.J. Freedberg, "A Recovered Work of Andrea del Sarto with Some Notes on a Leonardesque Connection" The Burlington Magazine 124 No. 950 (May 1982:266, 281-288) p 285; the badly smudged and damaged red chalk drawing, conserved in the Museo del Santuario del Sacro Monte, Varese, is illustrated p.284, fig. 27.
^ Cesare is most often credited with the best of three copies of this work in its original formulation, on loan to the National Gallery of Scotland.
^ Freedberg 1982:285
^ It was inventoried in 1683 at Saint Jean dans le désert at Fontainebleau and in 1693 at Meudon as Bacchus, with a marginal note that it had formerly been previously inventoried as Saint John. (Freedberg 1982:285, note 16).
^ Noted by A. Ottino della Chiesa, Leonardo Pittore (Milan) 1967:109, from a document in the Vatican Library.
^ See Marilyn Aronberg Lavin, "Giovannino Battista: A Study in Renaissance Religious Symbolism" The Art Bulletin 37.2. (June 1955:85-101).

Musée du Louvre, Hommage à Léonard de Vinci 1952:34ff.

[1] S.J. Freedberg, "A Recovered Work of Andrea del Sarto with Some Notes on a Leonardesque Connection" The Burlington Magazine 124 No. 950 (May 1982:266, 281-288) p 285; the badly smudged and damaged red chalk drawing, conserved in the Museo del Santuario del Sacro Monte, Varese, is illustrated p.284, fig. 27.

[2] Cesare is most often credited with the best of three copies of this work in its original formulation, on loan to the National Gallery of Scotland.

[3] Freedberg 1982:285

[4] It was inventoried in 1683 at Saint Jean dans le désert at Fontainebleau and in 1693 at Meudon as Bacchus, with a marginal note that it had formerly been previously inventoried as Saint John. (Freedberg 1982:285, note 16).

[5] Noted by A. Ottino della Chiesa, Leonardo Pittore (Milan) 1967:109, from a document in the Vatican Library.

[6] See Marilyn Aronberg Lavin, "Giovannino Battista: A Study in Renaissance Religious Symbolism" The Art Bulletin 37.2. (June 1955:85-101).

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