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File:Gaia sky mapper image near the Galactic centre ESA382985.png

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English: Gaia, ESA’s billion-star surveyor, is detecting stars and measuring their properties in order to build up the most precise 3D map of the Milky Way. By accurately measuring the motion of each star, astronomers will be able to peer back in time to understand the Milky Way’s history, its evolution and its destiny.

In general, as Gaia registers stars, only data covering the object of interest are transmitted to the ground. However, in the densest regions on the sky there are more stars close to each other than the detection and processing system of Gaia can cope with, which could result in a less complete census in these crowded areas. To help mitigate this, a scientific selection of high-density regions is made to cover them in a special imaging mode, as illustrated here. These types of observations are carried out routinely every time Gaia scans over these regions. The image, taken on 7 February 2017, covers part of the Sagittarius I Window (Sgr-I) located only two degrees below the Galactic Centre. Sgr-I has a relatively low amount of interstellar dust along the line of sight from Earth, giving a ‘window’ to stars close to the Galactic Centre. The stellar density here is an incredible 4.6 million stars per square degree. The image covers about 0.6 square degrees, making it conceivable that there are some 2.8 million stars captured in this image sequence alone. The image appears in strips, each representing a sky mapper CCD (see this animation of how Gaia’s camera works). The image has been lightly processed to bring out the contrast of the bright stars and darker traces of gas and dust. Zooming in reveals some imaging artifacts relating to the CCDs, including some vertical striping, as well as short bright streaks indicating cosmic rays. Analysis of these images will only start once the effort required by the routine data processing allows.

Gaia’s first catalogue of more than a billion stars, based on the first 14 months of data collection, was released in September 2016. The next release is targeting April 2018, with subsequent releases foreseen for 2020 and 2022.
Deutsch: Diese Aufnahme vom 7. Februar 2017 zeigt einen Teil des Sagittarius I-Fensters, das nur zwei Grad unterhalb des Galaktischen Zentrums liegt. Sgr I hat relativ wenig interstellaren Staub in der Sichtlinie von der Erde aus und gibt damit ein Fenster auf Sterne nahe des galaktischen Zentrums frei. Die Region hat eine Sternendichte von unglaublichen 4,6 Millionen Sternen pro Quadratgrad. Das Bild umfasst ungefähr 0,6 Quadratgrad, somit bildet dieses Bild ungefähr 2,8 Millionen Sterne ab. Das Bild ist aufgeteilt in Streifen, die jeweils von einem der Star Mapper CCDs stammen. Das Bild wurde leicht bearbeitet, um den Kontrast der hellen Sterne und die dunkleren Spuren von Gas und Staub besser darzustellen. Beim hineinzoomen werden Artefakte durch die CCDs sichtbar, vertikale Streifen, und kurze helle Striche, die von kosmischen Strahlen herrühren.
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來源 http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2017/08/Gaia_sky_mapper_image_near_the_Galactic_centre
作者 European Space Agency
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ESA/Gaia/DPAC,CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
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Gaia sky mapper image near the Galactic centre
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Space Science image of the week
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Gaia
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Space Science

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目前2017年9月4日 (一) 15:56於 2017年9月4日 (一) 15:56 版本的縮圖7,280 × 11,249(157.11 MB)European Space Agency, Id 382985, http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2017/08/Gaia_sky_mapper_image_near_the_Galactic_centre, User:Fæ/Project_list/ESA

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